The text discusses the Indian Self-Determination and Educational Reform Act, proposed in 1973, which aimed to give Indian tribes more control over programs administered by the Bureau of Indian Affairs and Indian Health Service. It also outlines the history of similar legislation and efforts to implement self-determination policies. The Administration had been increasing tribal contracts for programs, and the text details the statutory authority used for these contracts. Senators Jackson and Abourezk introduced S. 1017 in Congress, which was supported by Indian witnesses. The legislation aimed to improve educational opportunities for Indian children and adults.